Land-use function evolution and eco-environmental effects in the tarim river basin from the perspective of production–living–ecological space

The identification of land type multi-functionality is a basic tool for the organization, coordination, and configuration basin land, provides key criterion determining combination land-use functions status quo ecological environment in basin. However, feasible method system this purpose has not yet been established. Therefore, study, we construct production–living–ecological space (PLES) classification from comprehensive perspective environment. Based on remote sensing PLES statistical data 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020, analyze evolutionary characteristics function using transfer matrix center gravity methods. These are combined with eco-environmental quality index to reveal driving factors spatial differentiation geographic detector model. results indicate that overall Tarim River Basin presents downward trend, pattern high northwest low southeast. Over past 20 years, dropped by 0.852. structural evolution regional areas remarkable, all which expanded over study period (except land). production presented most obvious migration, total migration 10,601.76 m northeast. Eco-environmental effects found be mainly driven socio-economic factors, population density growth important. implementation some restoration projects played role slowing down degradation trend Basin; however, due increases development, exacerbated.